New Technology for a New Century
International Conference 
FIG Working Week 2001, Seoul, Korea 6–11 May 2001

Abstracts

Key words: stratum rights, land registration, multiple land use, 3D registration.

The Dutch Land Registration Office (the Netherlands' Kadaster) maintains the cadastre and registers the legal status of real estate objects. To be able to do this, the objects (parcels) are digitally stored and maintained in a spatial information system. Until now the spatial information system that is used to register the legal status of land is a two dimensional system: parcels are defined by 2D juridical boundaries.
In areas with an increasing pressure on land, there is a growing interest in using space under and above the surface (e.g. underground infrastructure, constructions above and under the surface, growing number of cables and pipes). Therefore, 3D information becomes increasingly important in registering the legal status of real estate objects (see figure 1).

Figure 1: A situation in which defining right of property in 2D is complex: a road, bridge and a building on top of each other, all with different

The current cadastral registration is based on the property relations in a column: the 2D parcel on the surface is the entrance for registration activities. Constructions under or above the surface are divided into parts that match with the parcels partitioning the surface. Establishing rights and limited rights on the parcels generates a horizontal division in the legal status of property. This means that the vertical dimension, which may be important, can not be reflected in the spatial information system and can therefore only be registered administratively (as an attribute of defined parcels).

In the Netherlands, a 2D system to register the legal status of real estate objects is no longer sufficient in all cases. It is expected that the Netherlands' Kadaster will run into registration and maintenance complications in the future. For this reason, the Kadaster decided to carry out a research project on the 3D aspects of cadastral registration. The research project is carried out at the Department of Geodesy, Delft University of Technology in collaboration with the Netherlands' Kadaster.

During this research the needs, possibilities and constraints to develop a 3D cadastre are examined. The research aims to develop a land information system, which can take into account the juridical relevant spatial information in the vertical dimension in case the situation requires this. It focuses on creating the possibility to define and represent real estate objects under and above the surface as an extension to the current cadastral registration system, which is based on defining and providing information on land in 2D (parcels).

This paper contains an analysis of the background of the research project as well as the developed concept of a 3D cadastre. In addition, considerations for the implementation of this concept are described.

BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE

Jantien Stoter is doing a Ph.D. on 3D cadastres, in which the needs, possibilities, and constraints for 3D cadastral registrations are studied. The emphasis of the research is the implementation of the possibility to incorporate 3D real estate objects (geo-objects) in the current geo-DBMS based on 2D parcels of the Netherlands' Kadaster.

Jaap Zevenbergen is working in the field of geo information infrastructure in general and cadastral systems in particular with a main focus on juridical and administrative aspects. He has studied and advised on cadastral systems in many countries, in the last few years especially in Central Europe.

CONTACT

J. E. (Jantien) Stoter
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences
Section GIS technology
Delft University of Technology
Thijsseweg 11
P.P. Box 5030
2600 GA Delft
THE NETHERLANDS
Tel. + 31 15 2788 136
E-mail: [email protected] 

Jaap Zevenbergen
Section Geo Information and Land Development
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences
Section GIS technology
Delft University of Technology
Thijsseweg 11
P.P. Box 5030
2600 GA Delft
THE NETHERLANDS
Email: [email protected] 

24 March 2001

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